mirror of
https://github.com/rn10950/RetroZilla.git
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292 lines
14 KiB
HTML
292 lines
14 KiB
HTML
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"[
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<!ENTITY % brandDTD SYSTEM "chrome://branding/locale/brand.dtd" >
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%brandDTD;
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]
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>
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<head>
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<title>Glossary</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="chrome://help/skin/helpFileLayout.css"/>
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</head>
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<body>
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<p>This glossary is provided for your information only; it is not meant to be relied
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upon as a complete or authoritative description of the terms defined below or of
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the privacy and/or security ramifications of the technologies described.</p>
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<hr/>
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<h1 id="glossary">Glossary</h1>
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<dl>
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<dt id="authentication">authentication</dt>
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<dd>The use of a password, certificate, personal identification number
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(PIN), or other information to validate an identity over a computer
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network.</dd>
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<dt id="bookmark">bookmark</dt>
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<dd>A stored web page address (<a href="#Uniform_Resource_Locator">URL</a>)
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that you can go to easily by clicking a bookmark icon in the Bookmarks Toolbar
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or choosing the bookmark's name from the Bookmarks menu.</dd>
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<dt id="Bookmarks_Toolbar">Bookmarks Toolbar</dt>
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<dd>The customizable toolbar that appears just below the Location Bar by
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default in &brandShortName;. It contains buttons for your favorite bookmarks
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(or folders containing groups of bookmarks) that you can add or remove.</dd>
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<dt id="cache">cache</dt>
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<dd>A collection of web page copies stored on your computer's hard disk or in
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its random-access memory (RAM). &brandShortName; accumulates these copies as you
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browse the Web. When you click a link or type a
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<a href="#Uniform_Resource_Locator">URL</a> to fetch a particular web page for
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which the cache already contains a copy, &brandShortName; compares the cached copy
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to the original. If there have been no changes, &brandShortName; uses the cached
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copy rather than refetching the original, saving processing and download time.</dd>
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<dt id="certificate">certificate</dt>
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<dd>The digital equivalent of an ID card. A certificate specifies the name of an
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individual, company, or other entity and certifies that a public key, which
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is included in the certificate, belongs to that entity. When you digitally
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sign a message or other data, the digital signature for that message is
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created with the aid of the private key that corresponds to the public key
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in your certificate.</dd>
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<dt id="client">client</dt>
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<dd>Software (such as an Internet browser) that sends requests to and receives
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information from a <a href="#server">server</a>, which is usually running
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on a different computer. A computer on which client software runs is also
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described as a client.</dd>
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<dt id="cookie">cookie</dt>
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<dd>A small bit of information stored on your computer by some web sites. When
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you visit such a site, the site asks &brandShortName; to place one or more cookies
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on your hard disk. Later, when you return to the site, &brandShortName; sends the
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site the cookies that belong to it. Cookies help web sites keep track of
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information about you, such as the contents of your shopping cart. You can set
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your cookies options to control how cookies are used and how much information
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you are willing to let web sites store on them.</dd>
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<dt id="cryptography">cryptography</dt>
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<dd>The art and practice of scrambling (encrypting) and unscrambling (decrypting)
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information. For example, cryptographic techniques are used to scramble and unscramble
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information flowing between commercial web sites and &brandShortName;.</dd>
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<dt id="decryption">decryption</dt>
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<dd>The process of unscrambling data that has been encrypted. See also
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<a href="#encryption">encryption</a>.</dd>
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<dt id="digital_ID">digital ID</dt>
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<dd>See <a href="#certificate">certificate</a>.</dd>
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<dt id="encryption">encryption</dt>
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<dd>The process of scrambling information in a way that disguises its meaning.
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For example, encrypted connections between computers make it very difficult
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for third-parties to unscramble, or <em>decrypt,</em> information flowing
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over the connection. Encrypted information can be decrypted only by someone
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who possesses the appropriate key.</dd>
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<dt id="XML">Extensible Markup Language (XML)</dt>
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<dd>An open standard for describing data. Unlike HTML, XML allows the
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developer of a web page to define special tags. For more information,
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see the online W3C document <a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/">Extensible
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Markup Language (XML)</a>.</dd>
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<dt id="feed">feed</dt>
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<dd>An <a href="#XML">XML</a> web page that contains a list of links to
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other web pages. Special programs can read feeds to create a list
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of headlines from the links, automatically updating the list as it changes.
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News web sites use feeds to quickly publish the latest headlines, and
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personal online journals often use feeds to quickly notify visitors about
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new entries. See also <a href="#live_bookmark">Live Bookmark</a>.</dd>
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<dt id="File_Transfer_Protocol">File Transfer Protocol (FTP)</dt>
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<dd>A standard that allows users to transfer files from one computer to
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another over a network. You can use &brandShortName; to fetch files
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using FTP.</dd>
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<dt id="FIPS_PUBS_140-1">FIPS PUBS 140-1</dt>
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<dd>Federal Information Processing Standards Publications (FIPS PUBS) 140-1 is
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a US government standard for implementations of cryptographic modules —
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hardware or software that encrypts and decrypts data or performs other
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cryptographic operations (such as creating or verifying digital signatures).
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Many products sold to the US government must comply with one or more of the
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FIPS standards.</dd>
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<dt id="home_page">home page</dt>
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<dd>The page &brandShortName; is set to display every time you launch it or when you
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click the <em>Home</em> button. Also used to refer to the main page for a
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web site from which you can explore the rest of the site.</dd>
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<dt id="Hypertext_Markup_Language">Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)</dt>
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<dd>The document format used for web pages. The HTML standard defines tags, or
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codes, used to define the text layout, fonts, style, images, and other
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elements that make up a web page.</dd>
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<dt id="Internet">Internet</dt>
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<dd>A worldwide network of millions of computers that communicate with each
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other using standard protocols such as
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<a href="#TCP_IP">TCP/IP</a>.
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Originally developed for the US military in 1969, the Internet grew to include
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educational and research institutions and, in the late 1990s, millions of
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businesses, organizations, and individuals. Today the Internet is used for email,
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browsing the <a href="#World_Wide_Web">World Wide Web</a>, instant messaging,
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mailing lists and usegroups, and many other purposes.</dd>
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<dt id="Internet_protocol_address">Internet protocol address (IP address)</dt>
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<dd>The address of a computer on a
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<a href="#TCP_IP">TCP/IP</a> network.
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Every computer on the Internet has an IP address. <a href="#client">Clients</a>
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have either a permanent IP address or one that is dynamically assigned to them
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each time they connect with the network.</dd>
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<dt id="Java">Java</dt>
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<dd>A programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. A single Java program
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can run on many different kinds of computers, thus avoiding the need for
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programmers to create a separate version of each program for each kind of
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computer. After Java is installed, &brandShortName; can automatically download
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and run Java programs (also called applets).</dd>
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<dt id="JavaScript">JavaScript</dt>
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<dd>A scripting language commonly used to construct web pages. Programmers use
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JavaScript to make web pages more interactive; JavaScript is often used to
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dynamically validate forms and select buttons. JavaScript can be used with
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Java, but it is technically a separate language. Java is not required for
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JavaScript to work correctly.</dd>
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<dt id="live_bookmark">Live Bookmark</dt>
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<dd>A special type of bookmark that acts as a folder to contain the links in a
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<a href="#feed">feed</a>. You can create a Live Bookmark by visiting a site
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with a feed, clicking on the Live Bookmark icon in the Location Bar, and
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selecting the feed you wish to use.</dd>
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<dt id="location_bar">Location Bar</dt>
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<dd>The field (and associated buttons) near the top of a &brandShortName; window
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where you can type a <a href="#Uniform_Resource_Locator">URL</a> or search terms.</dd>
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<dt id="master_password">master password</dt>
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<dd>A password used to protect saved passwords and other private data.
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&brandShortName; will prompt you for your master password when you wish to
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access this data. If you have multiple security devices, each security device
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will require a separate master password.</dd>
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<dt id="navigation_toolbar">Navigation Toolbar</dt>
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<dd>The toolbar near the top of the &brandShortName; window that includes
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the <em>Back</em> and <em>Forward</em> buttons.</dd>
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<dt id="Password_Manager">Password Manager</dt>
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<dd>The part of &brandShortName; that can help you remember some or all of
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your names and passwords by storing them on your computer's hard disk and
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entering them for you automatically when you visit such sites.</dd>
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<dt id="PKCS_11">PKCS #11</dt>
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<dd>The public-key cryptography standard that governs security devices such
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as smart cards.</dd>
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<dt id="Plugin">Plugin</dt>
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<dd>Plugins add new capabilities to &brandShortName;, such as the ability to
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play audio or video clips. Unlike other kinds of helper applications, a Plugin
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installs itself into the Plugins directory within the main
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&brandShortName; installation directory and typically can be opened within
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&brandShortName; itself (internally). For example, an audio Plugin lets you
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listen to audio files on a web page or in an e-mail message. Macromedia
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Flash Player and Java are both examples of Plugin applications.</dd>
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<dt id="private_key">private key</dt>
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<dd>One of a pair of keys used in public-key cryptography. The private key is
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kept secret and is used to decrypt data that has been encrypted with the
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corresponding public key.</dd>
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<dt id="proxy">proxy</dt>
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<dd>An intermediary or "go-between" program that acts as both a
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<a href="#server">server</a> and a <a href="#client">client</a> for
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the purpose of making requests on behalf of other clients.</dd>
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<dt id="search_engine">search engine</dt>
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<dd>A web-based program that allows users to search for and retrieve
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specific information from the World Wide Web. The search engine may
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search the full text of web documents or a list of keywords; it may
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also use librarians who review web documents and index them manually
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for retrieval. Typically, the user types a word or phrase into a
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search box, and the search engine displays links to relevant web
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pages.</dd>
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<dt id="secure_site">secure site</dt>
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<dd>A site that uses <a href="#encryption">encryption</a> in connections
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with &brandShortName; to prevent other malicious Internet users from
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viewing transmitted data. When you visit secure sites, &brandShortName;
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displays a lock icon in the <a href="#Status_Bar">Status Bar</a> and the
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<a href="#location_bar">Location Bar</a>. &brandShortName; also
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displays the site's domain name in the Status Bar (to prevent malicious
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sites from stealing your data) and turns the background of the Location
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Bar to yellow.</dd>
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<dd>Some sites may consist of both secure and insecure data; the insecure data
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usually is non-private, although it isn't guaranteed to be so. For such
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sites &brandShortName; will display a lock icon with a slash through it in
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the Status Bar and Location Bar and will <em>not</em> display the site's
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domain name in the Status Bar so that you know that the current web page
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isn't completely secure.</dd>
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<dt id="SSL">Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)</dt>
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<dd>A protocol that allows mutual authentication between a
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<a href="#client">client</a> and a <a href="#server">server</a>
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for the purpose of establishing an authenticated and encrypted
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connection. SSL runs above TCP/IP and below HTTP, LDAP, IMAP, NNTP,
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and other high-level network protocols. The new Internet Engineering
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Task Force (IETF) standard called Transport Layer Security (TLS) is
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based on SSL. See also <a href="#authentication">authentication</a>,
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<a href="#encryption">encryption</a>.</dd>
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<dt id="server">server</dt>
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<dd>Software (such as software that serves up web pages) that receives
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requests from and sends information to a <a href="#client">client</a>,
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which is usually running on a different computer. A computer on which
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server software runs is also described as a server.</dd>
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<dt id="Status_Bar">Status Bar</dt>
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<dd>The toolbar that appears at the bottom of any &brandShortName; window. It
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shows status icons on the right.</dd>
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<dt id="TLS">TLS</dt>
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<dd>See <a href="#SSL">Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)</a>.</dd>
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<dt id="TCP_IP">Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)</dt>
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<dd>A Unix protocol used to connect computers running a variety of operating systems.
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TCP/IP is an essential Internet protocol and has become a global standard.</dd>
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<dt id="Uniform_Resource_Locator">Uniform Resource Locator (URL)</dt>
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<dd>The standardized address that tells &brandShortName; how to locate a file or
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other resource on the Web (for example, <tt>http://www.mozilla.org</tt>).
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Type URLs into &brandShortName;'s Location Bar to access web pages. URLs
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are also used in the links on web pages go to other web pages. Also known
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as an Internet or Web address.</dd>
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<dt id="web_page">web page</dt>
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<dd>A single document on the World Wide Web that is specified by a unique
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address or URL. A web page may contain text, hyperlinks, and graphics.</dd>
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<dt id="web_site">web site</dt>
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<dd>A group of related web pages linked by hyperlinks and managed by a single
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company, organization, or individual. A web site may include text, graphics,
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audio and video files, and links to other web sites.</dd>
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<dt id="World_Wide_Web">World Wide Web</dt>
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<dd>Also known as the Web. A portion of the Internet that is made up of web
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pages stored by web <a href="#server">servers</a> and displayed by
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<a href="#client">clients</a> called web browsers (such as
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&brandShortName;).</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>
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[ <a href="#glossary">Return to beginning of Glossary</a> ]
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</p>
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<div class="contentsBox"><em>07 April 2005</em></div>
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<p>Copyright © 2003-2007 Contributors to the Mozilla Help Viewer Project.</p>
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</body>
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</html>
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